Metathesis at an Implausible Site: A Formal Total Synthesis of Rhizoxin D

The new approach to the anticancer agent rhizoxin D described herein does not cohere with the conventional logic of metathesis, according to which macrocycles are best closed at a disubstituted olefinic site; rather, the trisubstituted C11−C12 alkene flanked by an allylic ‐OH group served as the pivot point for synthesis. This motif was attained in good yield and excellent selectivity by a sequence of alkyne metathesis, trans‐hydrostannation and cross coupling. Because the exact same substructure is prominently featured in numerous other natural products, the underpinning strategy, though unusual, might bear more general relevance

Total synthesis of (−)-cleistenolide and formal synthesis of herbarumin I via a diastereoselective modulable allylation

A modulable tin based allylation method for the synthesis of 1,2,3-triols is described. The optimization of the reaction was aided by 1H and 119Sn low temperature NMR spectroscopic investigations, which support the formation of two cyclic intermediates after transmetallation. Depending on the nature of the Lewis acid, either syn/anti or anti/syn configured triols could be obtained with good stereocontrol. To demonstrate the value of this methodology and the resulting scaffolds, they were used to install the signature triol motifs of (−)-cleistenolide and of herbarumin I

Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences: The Role of Financial Studies

Starting from 1969, the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has become responsible for selecting Nobel laureates in Economic Sciences. In these 50 years 81 academics have been awarded with the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences; in this framework, the Royal Swedish Academy gave prizes to pure economists, finance experts and scholars investigating topics in between economics and finance. This paper first explains and describes quick facts about this important Prize and its origin, then analyses awarded fields and literature research done about this special topic. The core part of the paper investigates the choices of the Royal Swedish Academy, with a special focus on the financial theories awarded, in order to highlight the contributions of the academics awarded with the Nobel Prize to the development of the most accredited financial theories and practices